Decoding the Left Internal Mammary Artery: Anatomy, Function, and Clinical Significance

The Left Internal Mammary Artery (LIMA) plays a crucial role in cardiovascular health. Originating from the subclavian artery, it runs along the inside of the chest wall. Its anatomical course makes it an ideal vessel for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), particularly in treating coronary artery disease. LIMA is often preferred in CABG procedures due to its durability and resistance to atherosclerosis, which contributes to the long-term success of the surgery.

In terms of function, LIMA primarily supplies blood to the anterior chest wall and breast. However, its use in bypass surgery has extended its clinical significance far beyond its primary role. The artery’s ability to remain open and functional for many years post-surgery makes it a cornerstone in surgical strategies aimed at improving blood flow to the heart.

Clinically, the use of LIMA in CABG has been associated with better patient outcomes, including increased survival rates and reduced incidence of recurrent heart issues. Its unique characteristics have made it a focus of extensive research, underscoring its importance not only in anatomy and physiology but also in surgical practice and patient care.